DIN =   Deutsche Industrie Norm (German industrial norm) 
The Federal Republic of Germany has declared this to be the standard norm.

EN =   Europäische Norm (European norm) 
The European Union has declared this to be the standard norm.

ISO =     International Standard Organisation. 
The ISO is an organisation in the USA, which staadardises national and international norms with the same thematic content.

The DIN EN ISO 9001:2008 is an internationally recognised set of universal standards. This norm has been accepted as standard by 130 countries up to now.
It is valid for industries connected with the design, development, manufacture, installation and maintenance of products or services. This norm is valid for companies of every size in every industry.

It supports companies in the introduction of and work with quality management systems. The basics of quality management systems are explained, and terms of quality management are defined and elucidated.
With the help of this norm, the user acquires knowledge on the content and concept of the DIN EN ISO 9001 and becomes confident in its application. This norm is based on a process oriented structure and can be applied to all companies..



The GxP quality systems are applicable during the development, manufacture, storage and distribution of products in the pharmaceutical, foodstuffs, chemical, cosmetics and biotech fields. 



GMP = Good Manufacturing Practices (Gute Herstellungspaxis)
is a regulation to ensure proper manufacture. The guidelines pertain to the safeguarding of all work-steps, the avoidance of mistakes, the avoidance of impurities, to production hygiene, quality control, documentation of manufacture and controls.



cGMP = Current Good Manufacturing Practices
US-American GMP regulations, which are revised annually (always in April) and adapted to the current state of knowledge.



GLP = Good Laboratory Practices
Principles and guidelines for the planning, carrying out and evaluation of experimental studies of substances are  summarised in the GLP. The practices determine the standards for organisation and personnel, premises, operating instructions, reports on findings and the archiving and retention period. 



GCP = Good Clinical Practices


Principles and guidelines for the planning, carrying-out and evaluation of clinical studies in humans with pharmaceutical products.
What significance do coulours have in biotechnology?





"Blue" biotechnology =

Botanical and foodstuffs biotechnology.

Biotechnology =

Plants- and Foodbiotechnology.

"Green" biotechnology: =
Development and implementation of bio-procedures in industry and pollution control.

"Red" biotechnology =
In human and veterinary medicine as well as pharmaceutical development and implementation in biotechnology.



"White" biotechnology =
Ecological optimisation of biotechnologically based products and industry processes, e.g. in the pharmaceutical, textile and foodstuffs industries.

Borrowed from Angloamerican, Life Sciences could literally mean "Lebenswissenschaften" and is ultimately a collective term for scientific and technical disciplines such as biochemistry and biotechnology, which study life processes but, at the same time, also seek to control them (e.g. genetic engineering).